“Top 100 DBMS MCQs with Answers 2026”

“Top 100 DBMS MCQs with Answers 2026” 

Prepare smarter for exams with Top 100 DBMS MCQs with Answers 2026 on MCQ Journey. This comprehensive collection of Database Management System multiple-choice questions is designed for students, professionals, and competitive exam aspirants seeking reliable practice material. Each MCQ is carefully curated with detailed answers, making it ideal for exam preparation, university tests, technical interviews, and competitive exams like GATE, UGC NET, and campus placements. Whether you are revising core DBMS concepts such as normalization, SQL queries, transaction management, or database design, these practice questions with solutions provide clarity and confidence. MCQ Journey ensures that learners can strengthen fundamentals, test knowledge, and improve accuracy with exam-focused MCQs that mirror real test patterns. Trusted by thousands of learners, this resource is perfect for quick revision, self-assessment, and building exam readiness. Start practicing today with DBMS MCQs with answers and take a step closer to success in your academic and professional journey.

Q1. Which of the following is a primary function of a DBMS? A. Data storage and retrieval B. Operating system management C. File compression D. Web page rendering Answer: A Explanation: DBMS is designed to store, manage, and retrieve data efficiently.

Q2. In relational databases, a tuple represents: A. A column B. A row C. A schema D. A constraint Answer: B

Q3. Which SQL command is used to remove a table permanently? A. DELETE B. DROP C. REMOVE D. ERASE Answer: B

Q4. Normalization in DBMS is primarily used to: A. Increase redundancy B. Reduce data duplication C. Improve query speed only D. Create indexes Answer: B

Q5. The ACID property in DBMS ensures: A. Accuracy, Consistency, Integrity, Durability B. Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability C. Access, Control, Isolation, Data D. None of the above Answer: B

Q6. Which of the following is NOT a type of SQL join? A. Inner Join B. Outer Join C. Cross Join D. Middle Join Answer: D

Q7. In DBMS, a foreign key is used to: A. Identify unique rows in a table B. Establish a relationship between tables C. Speed up queries D. Encrypt data Answer: B

Q8. Which indexing technique uses a hierarchical structure? A. Hash indexing B. B-tree indexing C. Bitmap indexing D. Sequential indexing Answer: B

Q9. Which SQL clause is used to filter records? A. ORDER BY B. GROUP BY C. WHERE D. HAVING Answer: C

Q10. Deadlock in DBMS occurs when: A. Two transactions wait indefinitely for each other’s resources B. A query runs too slowly C. Data is duplicated D. Indexes are missing Answer: A

Q11. Which SQL keyword is used to sort the result set? A. SORT B. ORDER BY C. GROUP BY D. ARRANGE Answer: B

Q12. In ER modeling, a diamond shape represents: A. Entity B. Attribute C. Relationship D. Key Answer: C

Q13. Which of the following is a non-relational database? A. Oracle B. MySQL C. MongoDB D. PostgreSQL Answer: C

Q14. The process of converting ER diagrams into tables is called: A. Mapping B. Normalization C. Indexing D. Transformation Answer: A

Q15. Which SQL function is used to count rows? A. SUM() B. COUNT() C. TOTAL() D. NUMBER() Answer: B

Q16. A transaction that fails and must be rolled back is called: A. Committed B. Aborted C. Active D. Suspended Answer: B

Q17. Which of the following is NOT a level of data abstraction in DBMS? A. Physical level B. Logical level C. View level D. Application level Answer: D

Q18. SQL injection is a type of: A. Database optimization B. Security attack C. Indexing method D. Query execution Answer: B

Q19. Which of the following ensures uniqueness in a table? A. Foreign key B. Primary key C. Index D. Trigger Answer: B

Q20. In DBMS, concurrency control is required to: A. Speed up queries B. Handle multiple transactions simultaneously C. Reduce redundancy D. Encrypt data Answer: B

Q21. Which SQL keyword is used to combine rows from two or more tables based on a related column? A. JOIN B. UNION C. MERGE D. CONNECT Answer: A

Q22. In DBMS, the term “cardinality” refers to: A. Number of attributes in a table B. Number of rows in a table C. Number of constraints in a schema D. Number of indexes in a database Answer: B

Q23. Which of the following is a valid aggregate function in SQL? A. MAX() B. AVG() C. SUM() D. All of the above Answer: D

Q24. A trigger in DBMS is executed: A. Automatically in response to certain events B. Only when called manually C. During database installation D. None of the above Answer: A

Q25. Which of the following is NOT a valid SQL data type? A. VARCHAR B. INTEGER C. BOOLEAN D. STRING Answer: D

Q26. The process of ensuring that only authorized users can access data is called: A. Concurrency control B. Authentication C. Authorization D. Security management Answer: C

Q27. Which of the following is used to uniquely identify a record in a table? A. Foreign key B. Primary key C. Index D. Candidate key Answer: B

Q28. Which SQL clause is used to group rows that have the same values? A. GROUP BY B. ORDER BY C. HAVING D. DISTINCT Answer: A

Q29. Which of the following is a property of a good relational schema? A. High redundancy B. Low redundancy C. No constraints D. Unlimited attributes Answer: B

Q30. In DBMS, the term “referential integrity” ensures: A. Foreign keys must match primary keys in related tables B. Queries run faster C. Indexes are always unique D. Data is encrypted Answer: A

Q31. Which SQL statement is used to update data in a table? A. CHANGE B. UPDATE C. MODIFY D. ALTER Answer: B

Q32. In DBMS, the term “schema” refers to: A. The physical storage of data B. The logical design of the database C. The indexing method used D. The backup file Answer: B

Q33. Which of the following is a valid SQL constraint? A. UNIQUE B. CHECK C. NOT NULL D. All of the above Answer: D

Q34. The process of restoring a database after failure is called: A. Backup B. Recovery C. Rollback D. Restart Answer: B

Q35. Which SQL clause is used to remove duplicate rows from a result set? A. DISTINCT B. UNIQUE C. REMOVE D. CLEAN Answer: A

Q36. In DBMS, a composite key is: A. A single attribute key B. A combination of two or more attributes C. A foreign key D. A candidate key Answer: B

Q37. Which of the following is NOT a valid SQL command? A. SELECT B. INSERT C. DELETE D. COPY Answer: D

Q38. Which of the following is used to enforce referential integrity? A. Primary key B. Foreign key C. Index D. Trigger Answer: B

Q39. Which SQL clause is used to filter groups after aggregation? A. WHERE B. HAVING C. GROUP BY D. ORDER BY Answer: B

Q40. In DBMS, the term “data redundancy” means: A. Storing duplicate data unnecessarily B. Ensuring data consistency C. Encrypting data multiple times D. Backing up data regularly Answer: A

Q41. Which SQL command is used to add new rows to a table? A. APPEND B. INSERT C. ADD D. UPDATE Answer: B

Q42. In DBMS, the term “data independence” refers to: A. Ability to store duplicate data B. Separation of data from application programs C. Encryption of sensitive data D. Automatic indexing Answer: B

Q43. Which of the following is a valid DDL command? A. SELECT B. INSERT C. CREATE D. UPDATE Answer: C

Q44. The SQL command used to remove all rows from a table without deleting the table is: A. DELETE B. DROP C. TRUNCATE D. ERASE Answer: C

Q45. Which of the following is NOT a valid type of database model? A. Hierarchical B. Network C. Relational D. Circular Answer: D

Q46. In DBMS, the term “atomicity” ensures: A. A transaction is all-or-nothing B. Queries run faster C. Data is encrypted D. Indexes are unique Answer: A

Q47. Which SQL clause is used to specify conditions for grouping? A. WHERE B. HAVING C. GROUP BY D. ORDER BY Answer: B

Q48. Which of the following is a valid example of a candidate key? A. Employee ID B. Email address C. Both A and B D. None of the above Answer: C

Q49. In DBMS, the process of ensuring that data is accurate and consistent is called: A. Validation B. Integrity C. Normalization D. Redundancy Answer: B

Q50. Which SQL operator is used to check for a range of values? A. BETWEEN B. IN C. LIKE D. RANGE Answer: A

Q51. Which SQL keyword is used to combine the results of two queries and remove duplicates? A. UNION B. JOIN C. MERGE D. CONNECT Answer: A

Q52. In DBMS, the term “isolation” ensures: A. Transactions execute independently without interference B. Queries run faster C. Data is encrypted D. Indexes are unique Answer: A

Q53. Which of the following is a valid example of a DML command? A. CREATE B. ALTER C. INSERT D. DROP Answer: C

Q54. The SQL command used to rename a table is: A. RENAME B. ALTER TABLE C. UPDATE D. MODIFY Answer: B

Q55. Which of the following is NOT a valid SQL operator? A. LIKE B. BETWEEN C. EXISTS D. MATCHES Answer: D

Q56. In DBMS, the term “durability” ensures: A. Data remains intact even after system failure B. Queries run faster C. Indexes are always unique D. Transactions are isolated Answer: A

Q57. Which SQL clause is used to restrict the number of rows returned? A. LIMIT B. TOP C. FETCH D. All of the above (depending on DBMS) Answer: D

Q58. Which of the following is a valid example of a relational algebra operation? A. Selection B. Projection C. Union D. All of the above Answer: D

Q59. In DBMS, the term “checkpoint” refers to: A. A saved state of the database for recovery B. A query optimization step C. A type of index D. A backup file Answer: A

Q60. Which SQL keyword is used to remove duplicates in a query result? A. DISTINCT B. UNIQUE C. CLEAN D. FILTER Answer: A

Q61. Which SQL keyword is used to test for the presence of rows in a subquery? A. EXISTS B. IN C. ANY D. ALL Answer: A

Q62. In DBMS, the term “view” refers to: A. A physical copy of a table B. A virtual table based on a query C. A backup file D. A schema diagram Answer: B

Q63. Which SQL command is used to remove a specific row from a table? A. DROP B. DELETE C. ERASE D. REMOVE Answer: B

Q64. Which of the following is NOT a valid SQL aggregate function? A. SUM() B. COUNT() C. MEDIAN() D. AVG() Answer: C

Q65. In DBMS, the term “candidate key” means: A. A key that can uniquely identify rows B. A foreign key C. A composite key only D. A backup key Answer: A

Q66. Which SQL clause is used to filter rows before grouping? A. WHERE B. HAVING C. GROUP BY D. ORDER BY Answer: A

Q67. Which of the following is a valid example of a transaction state? A. Active B. Partially committed C. Failed D. All of the above Answer: D

Q68. In DBMS, the term “index” is used to: A. Speed up data retrieval B. Encrypt data C. Ensure referential integrity D. Reduce redundancy Answer: A

Q69. Which SQL keyword is used to search for a pattern in a column? A. LIKE B. MATCH C. SEARCH D. FIND Answer: A

Q70. In DBMS, the term “rollback” refers to: A. Undoing changes of a failed transaction B. Saving changes permanently C. Creating a backup D. Restarting the database Answer: A

Q71. Which SQL keyword is used to rename a column in the result set? A. RENAME B. AS C. CHANGE D. MODIFY Answer: B

Q72. In DBMS, the term “transaction log” is used to: A. Record all changes made to the database B. Store backup copies C. Encrypt sensitive data D. Manage indexes Answer: A

Q73. Which SQL command is used to create a new database? A. CREATE DATABASE B. NEW DATABASE C. INIT DATABASE D. MAKE DATABASE Answer: A

Q74. In DBMS, the term “super key” refers to: A. A set of attributes that uniquely identifies rows B. A foreign key C. A composite key only D. A backup key Answer: A

Q75. Which SQL clause is used to combine results of two queries including duplicates? A. UNION ALL B. UNION C. JOIN D. MERGE Answer: A

Q76. In DBMS, the term “checkpoint” helps in: A. Recovery after system failure B. Query optimization C. Index creation D. Normalization Answer: A

Q77. Which SQL keyword is used to define a condition in a query? A. WHERE B. HAVING C. GROUP BY D. ORDER BY Answer: A

Q78. In DBMS, the term “functional dependency” is used in: A. Normalization B. Indexing C. Backup D. Encryption Answer: A

Q79. Which SQL command is used to change the structure of a table? A. ALTER TABLE B. UPDATE C. MODIFY D. CHANGE Answer: A

Q80. In DBMS, the term “shadow paging” is used for: A. Recovery management B. Query optimization C. Indexing D. Normalization Answer: A

Q81. Which SQL keyword is used to remove a database entirely? A. DELETE DATABASE B. DROP DATABASE C. ERASE DATABASE D. REMOVE DATABASE Answer: B

Q82. In DBMS, the term “referential integrity constraint” ensures: A. Foreign key values must match primary key values B. Queries run faster C. Indexes are unique D. Data is encrypted Answer: A

Q83. Which SQL clause is used to filter rows based on a condition? A. WHERE B. HAVING C. GROUP BY D. ORDER BY Answer: A

Q84. In DBMS, the term “denormalization” refers to: A. Adding redundancy to improve query performance B. Removing redundancy C. Encrypting data D. Creating indexes Answer: A

Q85. Which SQL command is used to permanently save changes made by a transaction? A. SAVE B. COMMIT C. APPLY D. STORE Answer: B

Q86. In DBMS, the term “two-phase commit” is used in: A. Distributed transactions B. Query optimization C. Indexing D. Normalization Answer: A

Q87. Which SQL operator is used to check if a value matches any in a list? A. IN B. LIKE C. BETWEEN D. EXISTS Answer: A

Q88. In DBMS, the term “locking” is used to: A. Prevent simultaneous access to data by multiple transactions B. Encrypt data C. Backup data D. Optimize queries Answer: A

Q89. Which SQL keyword is used to create a temporary result set? A. VIEW B. TABLE C. TEMP D. RESULT Answer: A

Q90. In DBMS, the term “serializability” ensures: A. Transactions execute in a way equivalent to some serial order B. Queries run faster C. Data is encrypted D. Indexes are unique Answer: A

Q91. Which SQL keyword is used to check if all values in a subquery meet a condition? A. ALL B. ANY C. EXISTS D. IN Answer: A

Q92. In DBMS, the term “data dictionary” refers to: A. A repository of metadata about the database B. A backup file C. A schema diagram D. A query optimizer Answer: A

Q93. Which SQL command is used to remove a view? A. DROP VIEW B. DELETE VIEW C. REMOVE VIEW D. ERASE VIEW Answer: A

Q94. In DBMS, the term “BCNF” stands for: A. Boyce-Codd Normal Form B. Binary Column Normal Form C. Basic Constraint Normal Form D. Backup Copy Normal Form Answer: A

Q95. Which SQL clause is used to restrict grouped results? A. HAVING B. WHERE C. GROUP BY D. ORDER BY Answer: A

Q96. In DBMS, the term “shadow copy” is used in: A. Recovery management B. Query optimization C. Indexing D. Normalization Answer: A

Q97. Which SQL operator is used to match patterns with wildcards? A. LIKE B. MATCH C. SEARCH D. FIND Answer: A

Q98. In DBMS, the term “checkpoint” is mainly used for: A. Ensuring recovery consistency B. Query optimization C. Index creation D. Normalization Answer: A

Q99. Which SQL command is used to revoke user privileges? A. REVOKE B. REMOVE C. DELETE D. DROP Answer: A

Q100. In DBMS, the term “serial schedule” refers to: A. Transactions executed one after another without overlap B. Queries executed in parallel C. Indexes created sequentially D. Backup operations Answer: A

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